Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023
Section 121, BSA: Estoppel
Section 121 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023, in the Act's own words, with the Evidence Act provision it replaces.
What it replaces
| BSA provision | Evidence Act provision | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| Section 121 | Section 115 | corresponds |
From the Bureau of Police Research and Development's official comparison summary (source below). The whole table: Evidence Act to BSA.
The section
121. Estoppel.
When one person has, by his declaration, act or omission, intentionally caused or permitted another person to believe a thing to be true and to act upon such belief, neither he nor his representative shall be allowed, in any suit or proceeding between himself and such person or his representative, to deny the truth of that thing. Illustrations. A intentionally and falsely leads B to believe that certain land belongs to A, and thereby induces B to buy and pay for it. The land afterwards becomes the property of A, and A seeks to set aside the sale on the ground that, at the time of the sale, he had no title. He must not be allowed to prove his want of titleThe text is India Code's consolidated text as loaded into Pundora's statute corpus on 1 September 2026. A section quoted in a draft checked by Pundora is checked against this text.
Sources
- India Code: Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023, section 121 (read 1 September 2026)
- Bureau of Police Research and Development: comparison summary, BSA to Evidence Act (read 1 September 2026)